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Human ageing

The Hallmarks of aging

Aging- a Symbolic presentation What are The 9 hallmarks of Aging? According to the scientific world there are 9 reasons behind Aging, they are generally known as 9 Hallmarks of Aging. They are Genomic instability, Telomeres Attrition, Epigenetic Alteration, Loss of Proteostasis Deregulated Nutrient Sensing, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Cellular senescence, Stem cells Exhaustion and Altered inter cellular Communications. genomic instability Genome is the genetical codes present in organisms. In other words genome is the complete set of DNA present in a cell. Every cell has  copy of the DNA. Genomic instability is the result of high frequency mutations ( sudden changes ) Because of  these mutations chromosome May rearranged, sometime the sequence of nucleic acids  or even the chromosome number May changed,( the chromosome number of human is 23 pairs, or 46 ).  Telomeres attrition Telomeres are the tail ends of chromosomes, which act as protective caps. I already explained about telome
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WHAT IS CORONA VIRUS?


Corona virus
Corona virus

Dear friends ,today the world is under a dangerous pandemic the COVID-19 so-many people dying word wide,so I think it is necessary to write on corona virus,how ever our regular subject remain 'human aging'
Before going the details of corona virus we should know what is viruses,

How pandemic is differ from epidemic?

 Epidemic is a disease that effects a large number of people in a region where as  a Pandemic is an infectious disease that has the ability to spread across continents or even the entire world.

What is virus?

In1886 Adolf mayor,a German agricultural chemist who first described about a disease,the tobacco mosaic disease,mosaic like appearance on leafs of tobacco plant.later Martinus Beijerich given the name Virus,Virus is a latin word,means a poisonous subsance                                       
Viruses are generally considered as non living things, but they active when enter a host cell.they consist of genetical codes(the RNA or DNA)body is covered  by a protein coat,which is known as. Capsids,in some virus especially in the case of novel corona virus the capsid is covered by two layers of lipids,which is known as envelop.viruses cannot multiply themself,they must enter living cell. When they Come out from a living cell they become inactive,this inactive virus is called as virion,this is responsible for infection.if it did n't get a host cell in certain time period the lipid coating and capsid begins to degrade,then it cannot attach to the host cell

Which are the corona viruses that attacked human?

Corona virus SARS-CoV(sever acute syndrome) is identified in southern China in 2003,MERS-CoV(Middle East respiratory syndrome)identified in Soudi Arabia in 2012,and this is the third one SARS-CoV2,the causativ agent of  the deseas COVID-19 and this virus also fist identified in China in 2019.

How long survive corona virus outside the host cell?

Novel corona virus can survive3 days on stainless steel surfaces and plastic surfaces,it can live on air for hours,one day on card boards and four hour on copper.the virus survive longer time at lower temperature,higher humidity and non porous surfaces like stainless steel.


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