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What is protein?

What is protein?

Proteins structure

Protein is the basic components of living cells,it made of carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen and one or more chain of amino acids.Like carbohydrate and fats protein is a macro nutrient it is commonly available in animal products,eggs, meat, milk,yoghurt etc,it also available in beens, nuts,legumes etc.Proteins makeup 15 % of a person's body weight

 According to their structure there are three types of proteins are there,they are fibrous, globular,and membrane.Fibrous proteins forms muscle fibre,bones,connective tissues and tendons,eg;actin,myosin,karatin.Globular protein is water soluble,they have so many functions in our body such as transporting,catalysing,and regulating ,eg; albumin,alpha globin,hemoglobin etc.

 According to their functions proteins are categorised to eight groups,they are hormones, defensive proteins, enzymatic proteins,transport proteins,structural proteins,storage proteins,receptor proteins and contractile proteins.

Hormones: are protein based secretion of endocrine glands,which affect curtain cells in our body,those cells have specific receptor to accommodate proteins,on which the hormones attach them self.such cells are known as target cells.From hormone the cell got signals. For example insulin secreted by pancreas used to control sugar level

Defensive proteins: antibodies the important part of our immune system is a defensive protein which is produced in white blood cells(WBC) attack foreign bodies such as bacteria,virus etc that enter in our body and make them inactive.

Enzymatic hormones: which accelerate metabolic processes in our body,facilitate in liver function direction,glycogen convertion etc

Transport protein: these protein carries vital materials to cells ,for example hemoglobin carries oxygen from lungs and distribute to tissues 

Structural protein: Collagen,karatin and elastin are structural protein,collagen forms the collective frame work of our muscles,skin,bones and cartilages.karatin is the structural component of hair,teath,nails and skin etc

Storage protein: these proteins are storing meral ions,eg; iron,potassium etc.Iron storage in R.B.C(red blood cells) is controlled by a storage protein called ferritin.Ovalbumin and casein also examples of storage proteins.

Receptor proteins: it controls the the materials that enter and leaves the cell, it always located in outer part of a cell,some of the receptors activate enzymes and other used to stimulate endocrine glands to produce epinephrine and insulin.

Contractile protein: these are muscle regulates,which regulate strength and speed of the muscles on our body including heart muscles eg actin,myosin

Hey friends,l think you understand what is protein and its important in living organism, one more thing, the researchers found that protein foldings are decreasing when we get old. 

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